About Partlife
Partlife shows every Algorand mainnet account with a registered participation key: when its key expires, the stake behind it, and each change block by block, from proposals and heartbeats to suspensions.
It reads a mainnet node's ledger and updates with every block, about every three seconds. It also keeps the chain's history back to its first block, so any moment can be played back.
Participation keys
An Algorand account takes part in consensus by registering a participation key. Its owner sends a key registration transaction, and the account goes online. From then on the account's node signs votes and block proposals with that key, weighted by the account's balance.
Each key is valid for a range of rounds, from its first valid round to its last valid round. A new key takes effect 320 rounds after its registration, so Partlife draws a newly registered account hollow until then.
When a key expires
After its last valid round, a key can no longer vote or propose. The protocol then removes the expired key and takes the account offline, and the stake behind it stops counting towards consensus. The account stays offline until its owner registers a new key.
Renewing early avoids the gap: register the new key well before the old one's last valid round, so it takes effect while the old one still works. Partlife's chart puts each account at its key's expiry, so the accounts about to lapse sit nearest the line marked Now.
Staking rewards
Since consensus version 40, which took effect at round 46,512,890 on 23 Jan 2025, the proposer of each block can earn a payout: a bonus plus half the block's fees. An account earns payouts while it is online and incentive eligible. It becomes eligible by registering its key with a fee of at least 2 Algo, and it is paid only while its balance is between 30,000 and 70 million Algo. On Partlife's chart, those bounds are the two dashed lines.
Challenges and heartbeats
Every 1,000 rounds, a block issues a challenge. It covers the online, eligible accounts whose address starts with the same character the block's seed picks, about 1 in 32 of them. A challenged account passes by proposing a block or by sending a heartbeat transaction. Its node sends the heartbeat by itself, from 101 rounds after the challenge, so a working node passes without its owner doing anything.
Suspensions
From 201 to 400 rounds after a challenge, block proposers may suspend a challenged account that has still not been seen. An account that has gone far longer without proposing than its stake predicts can be suspended the same way. A suspended account is offline with its key kept, and it loses its eligibility for payouts. For 320 rounds consensus still works from the state before the suspension, so the account can still be picked to propose, and a proposal brings it straight back online, though not eligible. After those 320 rounds its stake stops counting, and only a new key registration brings it back. A registration with a fee of at least 2 Algo also makes the account eligible again.
What the page shows
- The chart: each point is an account. Across is when its key expires, with the next few days given the most room, and up is its balance.
- The activity: what happened to every account, or to one, over a timeframe such as 24 hours or 7 days, from keys going online to proposals, heartbeats, expiries and suspensions.
- The expiring stake calendar: the stake whose keys expire on each day.
- The accounts table, with a CSV download.
- Watching: star an account to keep it at the top of the page, and to be told what changed on your next visit or by push notification.
- Playback and sharing: replay any stretch of the chain, and share a link to what you see, with a preview chat apps show.
Playbacks to try
- The whole chain from its first block, on 11 Jun 2019, at a million times real time.
- Staking rewards begin: the round consensus version 40 took effect, when payouts, challenges, heartbeats and suspensions started.
The data
The set of accounts at the latest round is available as JSON at /snapshot.json. Partlife and its data are made by nullun, and the data is licensed under CC BY 4.0.